Yemen: Three years of full-blown war destroys school education – UNICEF

With nearly 500,000 children in Yemen having dropped out of school since the 2015 escalation of the war there, education in the country has been devastated, the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) said in a report released Tuesday.

“An entire generation of children in Yemen faces a bleak future because of limited or no access to education,” said Meritxell Relaño, UNICEF Representative in Yemen. “Even those who remain in school are not getting the quality education they need.”

According to “If Not In School,” the total number of out-of-school children now stands at 2 million, and almost three quarters of public school teachers have not been paid their salaries in over a year, putting the education of an additional 4.5 million children at grave risk.

An entire generation of children in Yemen faces a bleak future because of limited or no access to education.

More than 2,500 schools are out of use, with two thirds damaged by attacks, 27 per cent closed and 7 per cent used for military purposes or as shelters for displaced people.

Children risk being killed on their way to school. Fearing for their children’s safety, many parents choose to keep their children at home.

The lack of access to education has pushed children and families to dangerous alternatives, including early marriage, child labour and recruitment into the fighting.

UNICEF appeals to the warring parties, those who have influence on them, government authorities and donors to put an end to the war, pay teachers, protect children’s education unconditionally, and increase funding for education.

On 26 March 2015, a coalition of countries led by Saudi Arabia intervened militarily at the request of President Abd Rabbuh Mansour Hadi to secure the return of the Government to Sana’a, which had been seized by Houthi militias and allied units of the armed forces when the conflict initially erupted in 2014.

Three years on, the fighting is still raging and the ensuing humanitarian crisis has only deepened in a country that was already one of the region’s poorest. 

The UN, through its envoy, has been engaged in helping Yemenis to find a peaceful solution.  UN agencies and partners are also on the ground to deliver life-saving aid.

Learn more about the findings of If Not In School here.



UN chief urges Myanmar’s leaders to take ‘unified stance’ against hatred in the country

A united Nations spokesman said Monday that Secretary-General António Guterres is shocked at reports of remarks attributed to Myanmar Senior General U Min Aung Hlaing.

“He urges all leaders in Myanmar to take a unified stance against incitement to hatred and to promote communal harmony,” said Deputy Spokesperson Farhan Haq.  

Media reports suggest that at a military gathering, Mr. Hlaing said Rohingyas had nothing in common with the country’s other ethnic groups.

According to Mr. Haq, the UN chief asserted that such leadership is critically needed to advance institutional measures to combat discrimination and implement the recommendations of the Rakhine Advisory Commission.
 
“The Secretary-General reiterates the importance of addressing the root causes of the violence and the responsibility of the Government of Myanmar to provide security and assistance to those in need,” the Deputy Spokesperson continued. 

Hundreds of thousands of Rohingya Muslims have been driven into neighbouring Bangladesh since last August in the wake of a military crackdown in Myanmar’s northern Rakhine state.

“It is critical that conditions are put in place to ensure that the Rohingya are able to return home voluntarily, in safety and in dignity,” Mr. Haq said.



US has informed UN of decision to expel Russian diplomats

A United Nations spokesman confirmed on Monday that the world body was aware of the announcement by the United States Government of its decision to take action against certain Russian diplomats in the US.

“This action may require those members to leave the country,” Deputy UN Spokesman Farhan Haq told reporters at the daily press briefing, citing the UN-US Headquarters Agreement, which governs the relations between the Organization and the Host country. 

“Given the sensitivity of the matter, which is ongoing, we will not comment further at this stage other than to confirm that the Secretary-General will closely follow this matter and engage as appropriate with the Governments concerned,” he said.

News reports suggest that the US Administration on Monday ordered the expulsion of 60 Russians from the US, following similar actions taken by other countries in the wake of the allegation by the United Kingdom that Russia was behind an attack using a deadly nerve-agent in Salisbury on 4 March, which left Sergei Skripal and his daughter, Yulia, hospitalized in critical condition.

On 14 March, the UK brought the charge before an urgent meeting of the UN Security Council, where US Ambassador Nikki Haley said that the US stood in solidarity with the UK in denouncing the “crime” and believed Russia had been responsible for the attack.

At the same meeting, both Russia and the United Kingdom said the incident should be investigated by the Hague-based Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW), the UN-backed body which works to implement the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) and eliminate chemical weapons use, and the threat of their use.

The UK Foreign Ministry announced later that independent investigators from the OPCW were due to arrive in the UK on Monday, 19 March to kick off their probe into the nerve agent used in the Salisbury attack.



Remember Slavery: UN chief calls for continued struggle to ensure dignity and justice for all

Commemorating the International Day of Remembrance of the Victims of Slavery and the Transatlantic Slave Trade, the United Nations Secretary-General on Monday said that while the  abhorrent practice was abolished in the 1800s, it continues to have profound social, cultural and political impacts today.

“This observance was established not only to acknowledge a dreadful chapter in human history, but also to shine a spotlight on the dangers of racism and prejudice today,” said António Guterres, adding:

“This tragic mass human suffering must be recounted to younger generations through education that offers an accurate reflection of historical accounts, including the many acts of bravery and resistance carried out by slaves.”

The UN chief said it is also equally important to highlight the contributions made by people of African descent across the world.

Yet  despite the achievements and the recognition of African descendants, gaps exist which prevent them from the full realization of their rights and many encounter racism and hatred on a daily basis.

“We must recognize the work that is still to be done,” stressed Mr. Guterres, calling on everyone to commit themselves to lift all lives and fight against forced labour and other horrendous abuses of human rights.

Speaking alongside Mr. Guterres, Graciela J. Dixon, the former Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Panama, highlighted that the current generation of people of African descent are the living testimony of the struggles and triumphs of their ancestors.

“We honour the memory of victims and survivors of the transatlantic slave trade by continuing our common struggle to ensure that all people live in dignity and justice,” he urged.

UN Photo/Loey Felipe

Graciela Dixon, former Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Panama, addresses the commemorative meeting of the General Assembly to mark the International Day of Remembrance of the Victims of Slavery and the Transatlantic Slave Trade.

“It is because of such men and women that we can gather here today to mark our determination to never ever again in human history, repeat the horrendous crime of slavery, neither for our people nor for any other human being on earth,” Ms. Dixon said, in her keynote address at the commemoration.

She underscored that everyone’s right to enjoy and live in a free world where the full and final eradication of racism and discrimination in every is longer a wishful thought.

And, looking back and drawing strength from the past generations – who persevered despite overwhelming discrimination and segregation – will help bring it to reality.

“If they resisted and endured […] we truly have no excuse,” she said.



Jesse Jackson issues call at UN for ‘global coalition of conscience’ to cement human rights

The veteran leader of the struggle for racial justice was at UN Headquarters last week to speak at an event marking the Decade of Recognition for the Contributions, Achievements and Challenges of People of African Descent Worldwide.

He took part in a panel discussion for the event; part of a programme celebrating the International Decade for People of African Descent, running from 2014-2024, as well as the International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, held each 21 March.

Mr. Jackson told the forum that racism was “a sin before God” and a ruthless tool of oppression, exploitation and profit.

“Racial idolatry is a mental health issue” he added, which “manifests itself in so many ways, even in our politics.”

The head of the Chicago-based Rainbow PUSH Coalition, which fights for social change, Mr. Jackson ran for President as a Democratic Party candidate in 1984 and in 1988, and pointed out that next month also sees the 50th anniversary of the assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.

Mr Jackson was with the civil rights icon as one of his aides, when he was shot and killed on a hotel balcony in Memphis, Tennessee on April 4, 1968.

Addressing the same event, UN Human Rights Commissioner, Zeid Ra’ad Al Hussein, said that people of African descent continued to face racism and racial discrimination across the world.

“This racism is fuelled by messages of fear and violence that are propagated for political gain,” he said, and “it impoverishes, humiliates, oppresses and excludes millions of women, men and children.”

In an interview with UN News following the event, Mr. Jackson said that the student-led protests to ban rapid-fire assault weapons, following the gun rampage at a Florida high school last month, was a “watershed moment” that should be accompanied by a similar tipping point against poverty and violence overall.

He said that “too few” have too much, while “too many have too little”, and that although there was racial equality for African-Americans in principle across the US, “we don’t have economic equality and race was used to oppress us and deny us access to resources.”

We must value life everywhere. We’ve globalized capital, we’ve globalized technology […] We must now globalize human rights: workers’ rights; women’s rights; children’s rights; and environmental security— Rev. Jesse Jackson 

UN News: Are these events focused around this UN International Decade for People of African Descent getting the attention they deserve? A decade’s a long time to try and keep the focus on this very important issue of rights.

Jesse Jackson: Well, even longer, because racism is used as a tool of oppression, a tool of division. It was a pseudoscience: whites were taught to be superior, blacks were taught to be inferior. Unfortunately, many of us learn our lessons too well. Whites are not superior; blacks are not inferior. We’re all people, measured by our environment, our attainment, our work, our effort. 

And so, it took a long time to get to the point that racially, we have racial equality. We don’t have economic equality and race was used to oppress us and deny us access to resources. So, we’re racially equal, but our education is not equal; access to healthcare is not equal; access to development is not equal. And so, that’s the next phase of our struggle beyond racial freedom – racial equality.

UN NEWS: What’s your overall assessment of the state of racial justice across the world today?

Jesse Jackson: We’ve seen some tremendous breakthroughs in our own country in the last 50 years, since this is the anniversary of Dr. [Martin Luther] King’s assassination. We’ve been bequeathed the right to vote, and we’ve gone from the balcony in Memphis where he was killed to the balcony at the White House where [Barack Obama] overlooked the Potomac River as President.

So, the right to vote has had some noticeable effect. In cities, mayors of cities, and the Congress and legislators, that progress has been made. On the other hand, there has been a terrible reaction to our progress the last few years led by the fearful [Donald] Trump forces; anti-racial justice, anti-gender equality forces. There’s been a kind of setback, but we’re fighting back.

UN NEWS: Is it naïve to think that we can ever eliminate racial discrimination? Is that really an impossible dream, in a way?

Jesse Jackson: You certainly can reduce it by having effective laws to enforce. For example, there’s virtually no racial discrimination now in access to public accommodations because it’s illegal and it’s costly. The day Dr. King gave the speech in Washington in 1963, from Texas to Florida to Maryland, we couldn’t use a single public toilet. We couldn’t rent a room. Black and brown soldiers could not sit by a Nazi prisoner of war in American military bases.

We changed that law and that changed behaviour. So, that’s virtually eliminated. Politically, we got the right to vote, but the forces that grant the right to vote never stop trying to nullify the vote that was granted in 1965. That remains the unfinished business of the struggle. As is economic justice. So, we’ve achieved a measure of scientific racial equality, but not resource equality.

On the football field, we’re dominant in the National Football League. There are 32 teams, all white owners. In major league baseball, not one black owner. And that means that if you go from picking cotton balls, to picking footballs and basketballs and to not ownership, you’ve not made progress that you deserve to make.

We should be able to control our resources, and right now, we can’t get the capital to do so. A black person with collateral cannot get the same money from a bank that a white person can get with an idea. The gap in access to resources is a huge gap.

UN NEWS: It seems that when there is a level playing field, it’s a great struggle just to keep it level and this is true even in very developed countries like the US.

Jesse Jackson: Well, we did not get good at baseball until everybody could play. On the playing field, it’s relatively basically equal, but beyond the field, it is not – so, picking cotton was not that bad, except that we could pick cotton but we couldn’t own the land. We couldn’t take it to the gin. We couldn’t turn it into textiles. We couldn’t sell it on the international market. We could only stay at the bottom level. Same as with athletics.

UN NEWS: Now, it’s the seventieth anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which recognizes the inherent dignity and equal and inalienable rights of all human beings. Why is it that this Declaration isn’t very much a front-and-centre document for humanity? I mean, the Secretary-General said yesterday that the words of that document are not matched by the facts on the ground.

Jesse Jackson: Well, they’re not because those who have privileges and advantages don’t want to give them up. I remember I went to South Africa in 1979 for the first time and I met with this bevy of press at the airport. And I trying to answer the questions in a way that would not get me kicked out of the country, so I was…

UN NEWS: Apartheid was still raging, of course.

Jesse Jackson: Yeah, and so [I was asked] well what about our system, so I said: “Human rights for all human beings, measuring rights by one yardstick.” “That’s it! That’s it!” It was offensive: the idea of human rights for all human beings, measuring rights by one yardstick was offensive and it remains offensive in many parts of the world today.

Human rights for all human beings, measured by one yardstick. That’s why I say effort, and hard work, matter. Inheritance and access matter more. In America, they have something called basketball. And in this season, in March, the colleges play ‘March Madness’ moving toward a big [final] game. And last week, there was an upset where the number 16 team beat the number one team, not by projection but on the court. The court was the same length and width, the number 16 team won the game. That can only take place when you don’t get advantages based upon – or privileges based upon – race.

UN NEWS: Final question, if there is a failure of politicians to lead on racial justice presently, where will the leadership for change come from now? Is it time for a new, revamped, international, global civil rights’ movement?

Jesse Jackson: Well, it comes from church, it comes from […] A moral tone must be set. It comes from political leaders, it comes from a wide range of areas. It may come from students. We’ve been [plagued] for a long time by excessive violence in this country, and yet [after last month’s deadly shooting at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in Parkland, Florida] now the whole world is moving toward “ban assault weapons.” You never quite know when that magic mark is going to hit and take off.    

UN NEWS: Do you believe this is a watershed moment on that issue?

Jesse Jackson: I am convinced it is because Americans own 300 million guns […] eight million assault weapons. They’ve shot up schools and churches. They can shoot down airplanes. It’s too dangerous to have such weapons in a society such as ours. And so, there is a watershed moment I believe on that question. Should have been a long time ago, but it just may be now.

We are the most violent nation on Earth. We make the most guns and we shoot them; mostly each other. We make the most bombs and we drop them. We must choose coexistence over co-annihilation, and future over funerals.

But there must also be a watershed moment on poverty and violence. There’s too much poverty in America. Too few people have got too much; too many have too little.

UN NEWS: But can a coalition really be that broad in order to get, you know, to have results?

Jesse Jackson: It has to be broad but it all starts in local areas. A given area will inspire you at the local level to join a more massive coalition. It must be a massive global coalition of conscience.

We must value life everywhere. We’ve globalized capital, we’ve globalized technology […] We must now globalize human rights: workers’ rights; women’s rights; children’s rights; and environmental security.

We must globalize all the values that make life ‘life,’ for everybody.