This code of practice is a practical guide to assist anyone involved in the construction industry to protect the soil resources with which they work. It is particularly intended for use in England.

COMEAP has published updated advice on this topic; see ‘Particulate air pollution: effects on mortality’.

This report deals with answering what, at first glance, appear to be relatively simple questions regarding the effects of particulate air pollution on mortality in the UK. We have tried to explain not only the approaches we have used to answer the questions, but also the limitations of the interpretations that can be put on the results. We anticipate that it will be useful to policy makers and elected representatives, and hope also that it will make a helpful contribution to public awareness and understanding of the health effects of air pollution.

In summary:

• Airborne particles comprise an anthropogenic component and a natural component.

• There is an interest in the effects of air pollution on mortality in terms of the impact that policies for reduction would have, or the current burden in terms of public health.

• These effects can be expressed at the population level in terms of life expectancy, and on loss or gain in life years. The burden can also be expressed in terms of deaths occurring in a specified year across the population.

• As everyone dies eventually no lives are ever saved by reducing environmental exposures – deaths are delayed resulting in increased life expectancy.

• These measures are averages or aggregates across the population; it is not known how the effects are distributed among individuals.

This guidance is for those who undertake and review flood and coastal erosion risk management appraisals. It will also interest those affected by flood or coastal erosion risk.

Statistics on incidents of TB in domesticated non-bovines and wild animals.

• 
  TB in non bovine species 2011-2017
  (ODS, 61.3KB)
  

These data series show land and crop areas, livestock populations and agricultural workforce estimates for England and the UK as at 1 June each year. The results come from the long-running June surveys of agriculture and horticulture that are carried out each year in England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The information includes long-term trends or detailed results for different types of farm, farm size or geographical area. The series are updated as new results become available.

The sample size for the June survey changes each year depending on UK and EU requirements. In years such as 2010 and 2013 when the EU requires very detailed information on the structure of the UK agricultural industry the sample size is increased. This enables us to produce good quality estimates for detailed geographies in those years. In other years the sample size is smaller to reduce the burden on farmers and we do not produce detailed breakdowns in those years.

England

• 
  annual time series: 1983 to 2018
  (MS Excel Spreadsheet, 240KB)
  

• 
  key results at 10 year intervals: 1900 to 2010
  (MS Excel Spreadsheet, 48.5KB)
  

• 
  results by size of farm
  (MS Excel Spreadsheet, 106KB)
  

• 
  results by type of farm
  (MS Excel Spreadsheet, 281KB)
  

English geographical breakdowns

Geographical breakdowns are only available in the years that correspond to the EU Farm Structure Survey, next updates expected for 2020.

• 
  local nature partnerships
  (ODS, 193KB)
  

• 
  areas of outstanding natural beauty
  (MS Excel Spreadsheet, 478KB)
  

• 
  county / unitary authority
  (MS Excel Spreadsheet, 2.64MB)
  

• 
  local authority
  (MS Excel Spreadsheet, 870KB)
  

• 
  maps of crop areas
  (PDF, 1.31MB, 10 pages)
  

• 
  maps of livestock populations
  (PDF, 1.71MB, 13 pages)
  

• 
  national character areas
  (MS Excel Spreadsheet, 463KB)
  

• 
  national parks
  (MS Excel Spreadsheet, 931KB)
  

• 
  less favoured areas
  (MS Excel Spreadsheet, 511KB)
  

UK

• 
  annual time series: 1984 to 2018
  (MS Excel Spreadsheet, 283KB)
  

• 
  cereal and oilseed area, yield and production
  (MS Excel Spreadsheet, 276KB)
  

• 
  key results by UK country: 1866 to 2017
  (MS Excel Spreadsheet, 234KB)
  

• 
  results by size of farm
  (MS Excel Spreadsheet, 104KB)