Author Archives: hksar gov

     Following is a question by the Hon Andrew Lam and a written reply by the Secretary for Development, Ms Bernadette Linn, in the Legislative Council today (May 22):

Question:

     It is learnt that the Northern Metropolis is the Government’s key planning project, and a number of construction projects relating to the Northern Metropolis will commence successively this year. In this connection, will the Government inform this Council:

(1) of the expenditures of various development projects of the Northern Metropolis (including studies, land resumption, land formation and construction works) (set out in a table); and

(2) whether it will formulate measures to streamline the administration workflows and reduce market risks, so as to bring down the costs of developing the Northern Metropolis and increase the market’s incentive to submit tenders, thereby accelerating the development of the Northern Metropolis; if so, of the details?

Reply:

President,

     The Government is taking forward the development of the Northern Metropolis in full steam, which includes various New Development Areas (NDAs) at different planning and development stages. 

     In consultation with the relevant government departments, the reply to various parts of the question raised by the Hon Lam is as follows:

(1) The expenditure or estimates known so far for studies, land resumption and works involved in NDAs in the Northern Metropolis are listed at Annex. Since some projects are still under different stages of study, the land uses, engineering schemes, detailed design and implementation phasing would be subject to study. We would only be able to provide more accurate estimates on the expenditure of those projects when the relevant studies/design proceed to a more mature stage. Besides, the Government’s expenditure and relevant estimates on land resumption and works for NDAs will be affected by different land development or disposal arrangements, such as whether in-situ land exchange applications within NDAs are successful, or whether the Government would invite market enterprises to undertake large-scale land development according to requirements set out by the Government. 

(2) It has always been an objective of the current-term Government to enhance speed in development. Laws were amended in 2023 to streamline the development-related statutory procedures, enabling us to shorten the lead time required before commencing works in NDAs. After the legislative amendment, the development time required from commencement of studies to delivery of the first parcels of formed land for NDAs could be reduced from around 13 years in the past to about seven years. 
 
     For administrative procedures, we have implemented a number of streamlining measures in the past, among such which are more relevant to the development of the Northern Metropolis include the simplification and standardisation of the title-checking procedure, extension of the arrangement for standardisation of land premium for agricultural land outside NDAs, etc. Besides, dedicated units have been set up under the Lands Department and the Buildings Department to handle large-scale residential developments more speedily. The Development Projects Facilitation Office under the Development Bureau (DEVB) will co-ordinate with relevant departments and provide one-stop facilitation services for development projects. The streamlining of administrative procedures is an on-going task. We will continue exploring further scope in streamlining the development process and reducing the lead time required. We plan to brief the Panel on Development in around mid-2024 on our efforts on this front.

     The Government will also expedite the development of the Northern Metropolis by actively leveraging market forces and adopting diverse development modes. Amongst others, under the Enhanced Conventional New Town Approach, the Government allows landowners to participate in the development of NDAs by in-situ land exchange. Following the enhanced in-situ land exchange arrangement announced by the Government in end 2023 which includes facilitation to landowners owning 90 per cent or above of private land within a development site to carry out consolidated development, we concluded the first land exchange agreement under the enhanced arrangement last month, which is also the third successful land exchange case in NDAs of the Northern Metropolis. In fact, the first private housing development in the Northern Metropolis implemented by in-situ land exchange has already been completed with population intake commenced in 2022, earlier than the population intake of the first public housing development in 2026. The option to adopt standard rates in premium assessment as mentioned above has already been introduced in NDAs with a view to shortening the time required for premium assessment. In addition, we will explore introducing the large-scale land development approach whereby sizable land parcels (including parcels with value for commercial development and investment returns, as well as community facilities and other infrastructures that would bring about longer-term economic and social benefits) in some NDAs in the Northern Metropolis would be selected for the enterprise, the successful bidder, to develop and construct the project collectively. This mode of development can alleviate the upfront financial burden of the Government, facilitate a more co-ordinated design for the development of an area, and expedite the provision of public facilities by leveraging market forces. At the same time, we will take into account factors like the economic and property market situation and dispose land in an orderly manner.

     Moreover, the Government has always been concerned about construction costs. In terms of project governance initiatives, the DEVB established the Project Strategy and Governance Office (PSGO) in 2019 to further enhance the performance of infrastructure works projects by implementing various strategic initiatives to enhance capabilities in cost surveillance and project governance. The PSGO also uplifts productivity and efficiency in order to reduce project costs through the implementation of “Construction 2.0”, promotion for wider adoption of high productivity construction methods such as Modular Integrated Construction and Multi-trade Integrated Mechanical, Electrical and Plumbing, as well as digital technology and new construction materials. The PSGO is also undertaking a review on measures to control costs of public works projects with a view to taking forward land supply and infrastructural development in an effective manner. The review will be completed within this year. read more

     Following is a question by the Hon Chu Kwok-keung and a written reply by the Secretary for Education, Dr Choi Yuk-lin, in the Legislative Council today (May 22):   Question:        Some members… read more

     The Transport Department (TD) today (May 22) announced that two auctions of traditional vehicle registration marks will be held on June 8 (Saturday) and 9 (Sunday) in Meeting Room N101, L1, New Wing, Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition Centre, Wan Chai.

     “A total of 350 vehicle registration marks will be put up for public sale at each auction. The lists of marks have been uploaded to the department’s website, www.td.gov.hk/en/public_services/vehicle_registration_mark/index.html,” a department spokesman said.

     Applicants who have paid a deposit of $1,000 to reserve a mark for auction should also participate in the bidding (including the first bid at the reserve price of $1,000). Otherwise, the mark concerned may be sold to another bidder at the reserve price.

     People who wish to participate in the bidding at the auction should take note of the following important points:

(1) Successful bidders are required to produce the following documents for completion of registration and payment procedures immediately after the successful bidding:
(i) the identity document of the successful bidder;
(ii) the identity document of the purchaser if it is different from the successful bidder;
(iii) a copy of the Certificate of Incorporation if the purchaser is a body corporate; and
(iv) a crossed cheque made payable to “The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region” or “The Government of the HKSAR”. (For an auctioned mark paid for by cheque, the first three working days after the date of auction will be required for cheque clearance confirmation before processing of the application for mark assignment can be completed.) Successful bidders can also pay through the Easy Pay System (EPS). Payment by post-dated cheques, cash or other methods will not be accepted.

(2) Purchasers must make payment of the purchase price through EPS or by crossed cheque and complete the Memorandum of Sale of Registration Mark immediately after the bidding. Subsequent alteration of the particulars in the memorandum will not be permitted.

(3) A vehicle registration mark can only be assigned to a motor vehicle which is registered in the name of the purchaser. The Certificate of Incorporation must be produced immediately by the purchaser if a vehicle registration mark purchased is to be registered under the name of a body corporate.

(4) Special registration marks are non-transferable. Where the ownership of a motor vehicle with a special registration mark is transferred, the allocation of the special registration mark shall be cancelled.

(5) The purchaser shall, within 12 months after the date of auction, apply to the Commissioner for Transport for the registration mark to be assigned to a motor vehicle registered in the name of the purchaser. If the purchaser fails to assign the registration mark within 12 months, allocation of the mark will be cancelled and arranged for re-allocation in accordance with the statutory provision without prior notice to the purchaser.

     For other auction details, please refer to the Guidance Notes – Auction of Traditional Vehicle Registration Marks, which can be downloaded from the department’s website, www.td.gov.hk/en/public_services/vehicle_registration_mark/tvrm_auction/index.html. read more

     Following is a question by Dr the Hon Hoey Simon Lee and a written reply by the Secretary for Education, Dr Choi Yuk-lin, in the Legislative Council today (May 22):

Question:

     It is learnt that the Second Generation Public Examinations Support System (PESS2) designed to support the conduct of the Hong Kong Diploma of Secondary Education Examination (HKDSE), as well as the mobile applications “i-Invigilation (HKDSE)” and “Check-in Smart (HKDSE)” did not run smoothly during the HKDSE, and the use of i-‍Invigilation (HKDSE) has even been suspended since the 13th of last month. On the other hand, it is learnt that unlike government departments, the Hong Kong Examinations and Assessment Authority (HKEAA) is exempt from the requirement of the Office of the Government Chief Information Officer (OGCIO) that before the launch of large-scale digital services, the relevant systems be subject to additional load tests and stress tests conducted by an independent third party arranged by the OGCIO. In this connection, will the Government inform this Council:

(1) whether the HKEAA will submit a report on the aforesaid incident to the Government;

(2) as it has been reported that the HKEAA has earlier conducted a stress test on PESS2, whether it knows the details of the test, including the test frequency, duration and method, as well as the test result;

(3) whether it knows if the HKEAA has formulated fallback plans for the full implementation of PESS2, such as deploying additional manpower to cope with contingencies; if so, of the details; if not, the reasons for that; and

(4) given that in reply to a question raised by a Member of this Council at a special meeting of the Finance Committee of this Council held on the 19th of last month to discuss the Estimates of Expenditure 2024-2025, the Secretary for Innovation, Technology and Industry advised that the Government was considering extending the aforesaid requirement of the OGCIO to legal entities and public organisations, of the relevant measures being formulated by the authorities and the implementation timetable?

Reply:

President,

     The Hong Kong Examinations and Assessment Authority (HKEAA) launched the Second-Generation Public Examinations Support System (PESS2) in normal examination centres for the written examinations of Category A subjects of the 2024 Hong Kong Diploma of Secondary Education Examination (HKDSE) with the aim of streamlining the examination operations and improving the efficiency of the tasks related to the HKDSE. The PESS2, which was developed by a contractor commissioned by the HKEAA, consists of two major mobile applications and one online portal:
 
(1) “Check-in Smart (HKDSE)”: to allow candidates to check examination information and perform self check-in before the examination;
(2) “i-Invigilation (HKDSE)”: for invigilators to verify the candidates’ identities, confirm attendance, and count the answer scripts collected; and
(3) “Centre Supervisor Control Panel”: to enable centre supervisors to monitor the examination operations, confirm the candidates’ attendance and answer scripts collected, handle irregularities and communicate with the HKEAA Command Centre. 

     My reply to the question raised by Dr the Hon Hoey Simon Lee is as follows:

(1) to (3)

Stress test

     After completing the system development work for the PESS2 and related applications in December 2022, the HKEAA conducted two rounds of load tests for the system having regard to the operational needs of the 2024 HKDSE that would involve over 50 000 candidates, 2 000 invigilators and some 500 examination centres.

     The first load test, which took place in January 2023, aimed to verify the system’s capacity for its phased deployment in the HKDSE normal examination centres. During the load test, the contractor used computer simulations to generate a higher workload than would normally be required. This included operating the system in up to 600 centre schools at the same time, with approximately 70 000 candidates expected to use the “Check-in Smart (HKDSE)” application for self-check-in, while around 3 000 invigilators using the “i-Invigilation (HKDSE)” application to perform invigilation duties required. Before conducting the load test, the HKEAA Secretariat (the Secretariat) reviewed the load test plan and relevant design flowcharts submitted by the contractor and provided feedback. Upon completion of the load test, the Secretariat examined the test performance report submitted by the contractor and accepted that the test was completed.

     Regarding the HKDSE in April 2023, the HKEAA deployed the PESS2 for the Mathematics (Compulsory Part) and Chinese Language subjects in 48 centre schools for pilot implementation. The system operated smoothly throughout the examination period, without any anomalies being detected.

     Thereafter, to fully deploy the PESS2 for all normal examination centres in the 2024 HKDSE, the HKEAA requested the contractor to conduct the second load test in January 2024. As with the first load test, this test plan also used computer simulations to generate a higher workload than would normally be required to verify that the PESS2’s capacity could meet the various operational needs of the 2024 HKDSE. This included operating the system in up to 600 centre schools at the same time, with approximately 70 000 candidates expected to use the “Check-in Smart (HKDSE)” application for self-check-in, while around 3 000 invigilators using the “i-Invigilation (HKDSE)” application to perform invigilation duties required. According to the contractor’s report, the system performed as expected during the second load test, without any anomalies being detected.

Contingency plan
 
     Prior to the commencement of the 2024 HKDSE, the HKEAA has developed contingency measures in the event of any issues with the PESS2. If the system is unable to function properly, examination personnel should handle the candidates’ attendance and the checking of answer scripts manually using paper forms. These paper forms were delivered to centre schools with other examination stationery in mid-March. The details of these contingency measures were outlined in the Centre Supervisor’s Handbook and explained to examination personnel during the PESS2 Briefing Session and the Centre Supervisors’ Conferences held in February and March 2024 respectively.

Incident report

     In the wake of the PESS2 incident, the HKEAA and the contractor immediately conducted initial investigations and in-depth discussions. To ensure the smooth conduct of the subsequent examinations of the 2024 HKDSE, the HKEAA convened a press conference on the evening of April 12, 2024 to announce the suspension of the “i-Invigilation (HKDSE)” application with the tasks related to the examination being handled manually until further notice and account for the follow-up actions for this incident. The usage of the “Check-in Smart (HKDSE)” application by the candidates would not be affected. The HKEAA also submitted a preliminary report to the Government. In addition, the HKEAA has set up a Task Force to investigate in detail the causes of the incident, including the methodology of the load tests, their results and the follow-up work, and devise improvement measures. The Task Force comprises members from the relevant committees of the HKEAA Council, university professors, representatives from the school sector, the Education Bureau and the Office of the Government Chief Information Officer (OGCIO). The Task Force expected to finish the initial investigation in June 2024.

(4) The OGCIO is actively examining appropriate guidelines and technical support to Bureaux/Departments to strengthen their governance of new information technology systems launched by public bodies within their purview, including adequate testing before system rollout. The OGCIO aims to introduce relevant measures as soon as possible. read more

     Following is a question by the Hon Kenneth Lau and a written reply by the Secretary for Financial Services and the Treasury, Mr Christopher Hui, in the Legislative Council today (May 22):
 
Question:
 
     On developing the bond market, will the Government inform this Council:
 
(1) as the Government has proposed in the 2024-2025 Budget to set a total borrowing ceiling of $500 billion for the Infrastructure Bond Scheme and the Government Sustainable Bond Programme, of the respective ceilings set by the Government for the amount of (i) retail bonds, (ii) green bonds, and (iii) Silver Bond to be issued under the two bond programmes;
 
(2) as the Government has stated in the 2024-2025 Budget its plans to issue bonds of $95 billion to $135 billion per annum in the next five years to drive the development of the Northern Metropolis and other infrastructure projects, of the progress of work on bond issuance and whether it has drawn up a timetable; if so, of the details; if not, the reasons for that;
 
(3) as it is learnt that the tenor of government bonds is normally three years, whether the Government has considered, by drawing reference from the practice of the United States Government in issuing Treasury Bills, studying the feasibility of issuing short-term bonds in order to increase the vibrancy of the bond market; if so, of (i) the feasibility of issuing short-term bonds and (ii) the risks it will face; if not, the reasons for that;
 
(4) as it is learnt that public organisations also issue bonds (e.g. the Airport Authority Hong Kong issued bonds in February this year for the construction of the three-runway system at the Hong Kong International Airport) at present, whether the Government will provide assistance to public organisations in issuing bonds; if so, of the details; if not, the reasons for that;
 
(5) whether it has compiled statistics on the respective percentages of the currency types in which bonds issued by (i) local enterprises, overseas organisations and multilateral development banks, and (ii) the Government are denominated in the Hong Kong bond market at present (set out in the table below);
 

Institution issuing bonds	Hong Kong dollar	Renminbi	US dollar	Euro	Japanese yen
(i)
(ii)

(6) as it is learnt that government bonds are mainly denominated in Hong Kong dollars and US dollars, and Hong Kong is the world’s largest offshore Renminbi (RMB) centre, whether the Government will issue more RMB-denominated bonds, thereby facilitating the development of the local RMB bond market; if so, of the details; if not, the reasons for that;
 
(7) whether the Government will draw on the experience of sukuk issuance in the past, and attract or invite organisations from the countries of Middle East, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations and the Belt and Road to issue bonds in Hong Kong; if so, of the details; if not, the reasons for that; and
 
(8) as it is learnt that in recent years, Singapore has introduced a number of initiatives (e.g. the Global-Asia Bond Grant Scheme and the Singapore-dollar Credit Rating Grant Scheme) to attract listing and promote trading of bonds on the Singapore Exchange, whether, apart from the Green and Sustainable Finance Grant Scheme, the Government has other measures to subsidise foreign enterprises to issue bonds in Hong Kong; if not, whether the Government will draw reference from Singapore’s policy and formulate relevant subsidy measures to attract foreign capital and assist enterprises that will develop in the Northern Metropolis in the future to issue bonds in Hong Kong; if so, of the details; if not, the reasons for that?
 
Reply:
 
President,
 
     In consultation with the Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA), the reply to the eight parts of the question is as follows:
 
(1) and (2) It was announced in the 2023-24 Budget that the Infrastructure Bond Programme (IBP) would be established to enable better management of the cashflow needs of major infrastructure projects and facilitate their early completion for the good of the economy and people’s livelihood, while the scope of the Government Green Bond Programme (GGBP) (renamed as the Government Sustainable Bond Programme (GSBP)) would be further expanded to cover sustainable projects. In the 2024-25 Budget, a combined borrowing ceiling of $500 billion was set for the IBP and GSBP, along with the plan to issue Government Bonds (GBs) of $95 billion to $135 billion per annum in the coming five years (i.e. 2024-25 to 2028-29) under the two programmes. For 2024-25, the Government plans to issue $120 billion worth of bonds, of which $70 billion will be retail tranche for public subscription (including $50 billion worth of Silver Bond and $20 billion worth of non-silver retail bond). The remaining $50 billion will be institutional tranche, with a certain proportion to be earmarked for priority investment by Mandatory Provident Fund schemes. A resolution to approve the Government to borrow sums not exceeding in total $500 billion for the IBP and GSBP was passed by the Legislative Council on May 8, 2024.
 
     On the timetable for bond issuance for infrastructure projects, the Government will recommend for approval an appropriate issuance arrangement (including target investors, issuance size and timing, currency, tenor, pricing/yield, listing arrangements), taking into account the funding need of the infrastructure projects, as well as market conditions. The Steering Committee chaired by the Financial Secretary, with the Financial Services the Treasury Bureau, the Environment and Ecology Bureau, the Development Bureau and the HKMA serving as members (the Steering Committee), will consider the recommendation.
 
(3) and (4) To promote the sustainable development of the local bond and green bond markets, the Government has all along been issuing GBs of different types, with short, medium and long-tenors (from one to 30 years) systematically under the Government Bond Programme (GBP) and the GGBP to establish a representative benchmark yield curve to facilitate the market in determining the pricing of other types of bonds (such as corporate bonds). With the establishment of the IBP and GSBP, we and the HKMA will recommend issuance of GBs of different tenors under the two programmes, taking into account the funding needs of relevant projects and market conditions, for approval by the Steering Committee.
 
     As for statutory and public bodies, they may consider issuing bonds according to their needs and market conditions. If they require technical assistance or co-ordination on bond issuance, the HKMA will provide recommendation and share its experience to them for reference as appropriate.
 
(5) As of end-2023, the total size of the Hong Kong dollar debt instruments outstanding in the market is as follows:
 

Issuer	Hong Kong Dollar (HK$) (in billion)
(i) Non-public segment (including authorised institutions, local corporates, multilateral development banks, statutory bodies and government-owned corporations and other issuers outside Hong Kong)	1,203
(ii) Public segment (including Exchange Fund and the Government)	1,540
Total	2,743

 
     As of end-April 2024, the total size of outstanding GBs is as follows:
 

(in billion)	Hong Kong Dollar (HK$)	United States Dollar (US$)	Renminbi (RMB)	Euro
GSBP	42	9.95	31.5	4.58
GBP	237	1	–	–
Total	279	10.95	31.5	4.58
Percentage of total	64%	19%	8%	9%

(6) The 14th Five-Year Plan acknowledges the significant functions and positioning of Hong Kong in the overall development of the country, including enhancing its status as an international financial centre and strengthening its functions as a global offshore RMB business hub. As a leading offshore RMB hub, Hong Kong will continue to take the lead in RMB fund management and investment in the international market, and contribute to the internationalisation of RMB. Under the GGBP, the Government has issued multiple tranches of government green bond denominated in RMB since November 2021, with a total issuance amount reaching RMB31.5 billion. The Government will continue to issue GBs denominated in RMB under the GSBP and IBP to foster the development of local RMB bond market and formation of a local yield curve, promoting RMB internationalisation in an orderly manner. The issuance parameters (including the issuance amount of RMB bonds) under the two programmes will be drawn up taking account of the actual market conditions at the time of arranging the bond issuance, and will be submitted for approval by the Steering Committee.
 
(7) In 2014, 2015 and 2017, three sukuk of different structures and tenors totalling US$3 billion were issued under the GBP to demonstrate to the global market the strengths of Hong Kong’s Islamic finance platform. The three successful issuances have helped to demonstrate the viability of Hong Kong as an Islamic bond platform and that Hong Kong’s legal, regulatory and taxation framework can readily support issuances of sukuk with different structures.
 
     To further strengthen Hong Kong’s advantages as a bond financing platform, the Government is continuously enhancing the financial infrastructure. For instance, the Government is in the process of enhancing the functions of the Central Moneymarkets Unit (CMU) by upgrading it to be a major central securities depository platform in Asia. The enhanced CMU system will be able to provide efficient and convenient services supporting issuance, settlement and custodian operations. At the same time, the Government and the regulators are stepping up efforts to promote Hong Kong’s position as a bond centre among investors and bond issuers, attracting more organisations to use Hong Kong’s fundraising platform and professional services.
 
     To promote the unique advantages of Hong Kong’s capital market abroad, the Government has been utilising various channels for publicising Hong Kong’s good image internationally and connecting with overseas enterprises. In this regard, the Chief Executive led a delegation to various countries in the Middle East and Southeast Asia in February and July last year respectively, including visiting Saudi Arabia and Indonesia to meet with local officials and business leaders to promote Hong Kong’s advantages in different areas such as finance and trade as well as the immense opportunities under “one country, two systems”. In addition, the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government and the Emirate of Dubai signed in September last year a Memorandum of Understanding, which strengthens the bilateral relations and collaboration between the two places, and facilitates the mutual and sustainable development of the financial services industries, including exploring policy communication, knowledge exchange and co-operation opportunities in areas such as family offices, fintech, virtual asset and green and sustainable finance. The HKMA also held bilateral meetings with the Central Bank of the United Arab Emirates (CBUAE) and the Saudi Central Bank (SAMA) in May and July last year respectively. Discussions covered a number of areas, including financial infrastructure development, market connectivity. The HKMA will continue to deepen the collaboration in financial services with the CBUAE and the SAMA, with a view to promoting investment and financial market connectivity between the Middle East and Asia.
 
(8) The Government launched in 2021 the Green and Sustainable Finance Grant Scheme to provide subsidy for eligible bond issuers and loan borrowers to cover part of their expenses on bond issuance and external review services. The Scheme has been well received by the industry. As of early May 2024, the Scheme has granted around $240 million to around 410 green and sustainable debt instruments issued in Hong Kong, involving a total underlying debt issuance of around US$110 billion (or over HK$800 billion).
 
     The 2024-25 Budget announced that the Scheme would be extended by three years to 2027, and the scope of subsidies would be expanded to cover transition bonds and loans. The HKMA has released the updated guideline of the Scheme. We and the HKMA will continue to promote the Scheme, encourage relevant industries in the region to make use of Hong Kong’s transition financing platform, and continue to enrich the green and sustainable finance ecosystem in Hong Kong. read more